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11.1ACCOUNTING POLICIES RELATING TO LEASES
A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange
for consideration.
At inception, or upon reassessment, of a contract that contains a lease component, the consideration in the contract is allocated to each lease
and non-lease component on the basis of their relative standalone prices.
An accounting policy choice was made not to apply IFRS 16 to leases of intangible assets.
As lessee
a) Recognition
A lease is recognised as a lease liability and corresponding right-of-use asset at the commencement date of the lease. Each lease payment is
allocated between the settlement of the lease liability and finance costs. The finance costs are charged to profit or loss over the lease period so as
to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the lease liability for each period. The right-of-use asset is depreciated
over the shorter of the asset's useful life and the lease term on a straight-line basis, except when there is a purchase option which is expected to be
exercised, in which case it is depreciated over the asset's useful life.
Non-lease components, contained in a lease, are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when incurred.
b) Measurement
i) Initial measurement
Right-of-use assets |
Lease liabilities |
Measured at cost which is:
- The amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability
- Plus any lease payments made at or before the commencement date
- Less any lease incentives received
- Plus any initial direct costs
- Plus estimated restoration costs.
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Measured at the present value of the following lease payments:
- Fixed payments (including in-substance fixed payments), less any lease incentives receivable
- Variable lease payments that are based on an index or a rate
- Amounts expected to be payable by the lessee under residual value guarantees
- The exercise price of a purchase option if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise that option
- Payments of penalties for terminating the lease if the lease term reflects the lessee exercising that option.
The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease. If that rate cannot be determined, an incremental borrowing rate is applied. |
ii) Subsequent measurement
Right-of-use assets |
Lease liabilities |
The right-of-use asset is measured applying the cost model where
a right-of-use asset falls within the scope of IAS 16 Property, Plant
and Equipment.
Measured at:
- Cost less
- Accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses
- Adjusted for any remeasurements or modifications of the lease liability.
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The lease liability is measured by:
- Increasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on the lease liability
- Reducing the carrying amount to reflect the lease payments made
- Remeasuring the carrying amount to reflect any reassessment or lease modification or to reflect revised in-substance fixed lease payments.
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Useful lives |
2021 |
2020 |
Incremental borrowing rates |
2021 |
2020 |
Land and buildings |
10 to 30 years |
10 to 30 years |
Lease term greater than 12 months but less than 18 months |
7.85% |
7.85% |
Residential land and buildings |
2 years |
3 years |
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Buildings and infrastructure |
3 to 10 years |
3 to 10 years |
Lease term greater than 18 months |
6.09% to 10.43% |
7.33% to 10.44% |
Machinery, plant and equipment |
3 to 5 years |
2 to 5 years |
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c) Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets
Payments associated with short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised on a straight-line basis, over the lease term, as an
expense in profit or loss. Short-term leases are leases with a lease term of 12 months or less. Leases of low-value assets comprise IT equipment,
furniture, fittings and appliances as well as tools and other small equipment.