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Exxaro Resources Limited
Annual Financial Statements 2022
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CHAPTER 8:Business environment and portfolio changes

  • 8.2SIGNIFICANT JUDGEMENTS AND ASSUMPTIONS MADE BY MANAGEMENT IN APPLYING THE RELATED ACCOUNTING POLICIES

IAS 36 Impairment of Assets (IAS 36)

In applying IAS 36, impairment assessments are performed whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or CGU may not be recoverable. Management, in particular, have identified and track indicators such as the movement in group market capitalisation, volatility in exchange rates, commodity prices and the economic environment in which the businesses operate, to assess whether there is an indication of impairment.

Estimates are made in determining the recoverable amount of assets which includes the estimation of cash flows and discount rates used. In estimating the cash flows, management bases its cash flow projections on reasonable and supportable assumptions that represent management's best estimate of the range of economic conditions that will exist over the remaining useful life of the assets. The discount rates used reflect the current market assessment of the time value of money and the risks specific to the assets for which the future cash flow estimates have not been adjusted.

Judgements were required in the determination of key variables and future market conditions, particularly in relation to the parameters included in the following table:

Coal operations 2022 2021
Discount rate (%)1 14.30% 14.30%
Rand/US$ exchange rate R15.90 to R16.39 R15.25 to R15.74
Coal API4 long-term price (per tonne) US$82.00 US$78.00
Coal domestic selling price range (per tonne) R900 to R1 300 R800 to R1 200
1 2021: The discount rate was revised from 13.80% to 14.30% to take into account a material shift in strategy, changes in sovereign country risk and due to the revised targeted capital structure.

Management considered and assessed reasonably possible changes to the key assumptions and have not identified any instances that could cause the carrying amount of the coal operations to exceed its recoverable amount.

Refer note 10.2.2 for details of the impairment testing performed on the Cennergi CGU.

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CHAPTER 1: THE YEAR IN BRIEF
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The year in brief

CHAPTER 2: REPORTS
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2.1 Responsibility statement on internal financial controls
2.2 Directors' approval
2.3 Certificate by the group company secretary
2.4 Report of the directors
2.5 Audit committee report
2.6 Independent auditor's report

CHAPTER 3: SEGMENTAL REPORTING
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3.1 Accounting policy relating to segmental reporting
3.2 Significant judgements and assumptions made by management in applying the related accounting policy
3.3 Reportable segments
3.4 Geographic location of segment assets

CHAPTER 4: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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4.1.1 Group financial statements of comprehensive income
4.1.2 Group financial statements of financial position
4.1.3 Group financial statements of changes in equity
4.1.4 Group financial statements of cash flows
4.2.1 Company financial statement of comprehensive income
4.2.2 Company financial statement of financial position
4.2.3 Company financial statement of changes in equity
4.2.4 Company financial statement of cash flows

CHAPTER 5: EARNINGS
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5.1 Accounting policy relating to earnings
5.2 Attributable earnings per share
5.3 Reconciliation of headline earnings
5.4 Headline earnings per share
5.5 Dividend distributions
5.6 Notes to the statements of cash flows relating to earnings
CHAPTER 6: OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE AND WORKING CAPITAL
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6.1 Operational performance
6.2 Working capital
6.3 Notes to the statements of cash flows relating to operational performance and working capital

CHAPTER 7: TAXATION
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7.1 Accounting policies relating to taxation
7.2 Significant judgements and assumptions made by management in applying the related accounting policies
7.3 Income tax (expense)/benefit
7.4 Reconciliation of tax rates
7.5 Deferred tax
7.6 Notes to the statements of cash flows relating to taxation
7.7 Tax effect of other comprehensive income

CHAPTER 8: BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND PORTFOLIO CHANGES
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8.1 Accounting policies relating to business environment and portfolio changes
8.2 Significant judgements and assumptions made by management in applying the related accounting policies
8.3 Disposals of subsidiaries
8.4 Impairment charges of non-current assets

CHAPTER 9: ASSOCIATES AND JOINT ARRANGEMENTS
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9.1 Accounting policies relating to investments in associates and joint arrangements
9.2 Significant judgements and assumptions made by management in applying the related accounting policies
9.3 Income from investments in associates and joint ventures
9.4 Investments in associates and joint arrangements
9.5 Movement analysis of investments in associates and joint ventures
9.6 Summarised financial information of associates and joint ventures
9.7 Reconciliation of carrying amounts of investments in associates and joint ventures

CHAPTER 10: ASSETS
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10.1 Property, plant and equipment
10.2 Intangible assets
10.3 Financial assets
10.4 Other assets

CHAPTER 11: LEASES
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11.1 Accounting policies relating to leases
11.2 Judgements and assumptions made by management in applying the related accounting policies
11.3 Right-of-use assets
11.4 Lease liabilities

CHAPTER 12: FUNDING
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12.1 Debt
12.2 Equity

CHAPTER 13: PROVISIONS AND CONTINGENCIES
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13.1 Accounting policies relating to provisions and contingencies
13.2 Significant judgements and assumptions made by management in applying the related accounting policies
13.3 Provisions
13.4 Contingent liabilities and contingent assets

CHAPTER 14: PEOPLE
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14.1 Accounting policies relating to employee benefits
14.2 Significant judgements and assumptions made by management in applying the related accounting policies
14.3 Employee benefits
14.4 Retirement employee obligations
14.5 Directors' and prescribed officers' remuneration

CHAPTER 15: RELATED PARTIES
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15.1 Related-party transactions

CHAPTER 16: FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
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16.1 Accounting policies relating to financial instruments
16.2 Judgements and assumptions made by management in applying the related accounting policies
16.3 Financial instruments

CHAPTER 17: SUBSIDIARIES
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17.1 Accounting policies relating to subsidiaries
17.2 Significant judgements and assumptions made by management in applying the related accounting policies
17.3 Transactions with subsidiaries
17.4 Summary of investments in subsidiaries
17.5 Summary of indebtedness by/(to) subsidiaries
17.6 Detailed analysis of investments in subsidiaries
17.7 Non-controlling interests

CHAPTER 18: COMPLIANCE
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18.1 Basis of preparation
18.2 Adoption of new, amended and revised standards and interpretations
18.3 Events after the reporting period

CHAPTER 19: ANNEXURES
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Annexure 1 Shareholder analysis
Annexure 2 Definitions
Annexure 3 Administration
Annexure 4 Shareholders' diary

ACRONYMS
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Acronyms